Desensitizing drug product

ABSTRACT

Desensitizing drug products, methods of making desensitizing drug products, and methods of using desensitizing drug products including delivery of desensitizing drug products. In one embodiment, the desensitizing drug products are male genital desensitizers that comprise one or anesthetic agents and one or more melting point depressing agents.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/646,492, filed on Oct. 5, 2012, and entitled “DESENSITIZING DRUG PRODUCT,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/145,743, filed Jul. 21, 2011, and entitled “DESENSITIZING DRUG PRODUCT,” which is a National Phase Entry of PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/021705, filed Jan. 22, 2010, which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/146,563 filed on Jan. 22, 2009, and entitled “DESENSITIZING DRUG PRODUCT,” all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and are to be considered a part of this specification.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to desensitizing drug products, methods of making desensitizing drug products and methods of using desensitizing drug products, including delivery of desensitizing drug products. According to an embodiment of the invention, the desensitizing drug product is a male genital desensitizer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Anesthetic products are known in the medical field and can be used for desensitization. EMLA® (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) cream has been used as a topical anesthetic. EMLA comprises lidocaine and prilocaine in an emulsified topical cream. Lidocaine is recognized as being safe and effective. It has been reported, however, that prilocaine use results in metabolites that are responsible for methemoglobinemia. Accordingly, alternatives to EMLA have been sought. See U.S. Pat. No. 6,299,902.

Desensitizing drug products have been used for treatment of males for premature ejaculation. That is, desensitizing drug products have been developed for application on the penis to help in temporarily slowing the onset of ejaculation, and can be referred to as male genital desensitizers or male genital desensitizer compositions. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has published a monograph for over-the-counter products for the treatment of premature ejaculation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention includes and provides compositions for the treatment of premature ejaculation. Such compositions include desensitizing drug products. The invention also includes and provides methods of making desensitizing drug products and methods of using desensitizing drug products, including delivery of desensitizing drug products.

The invention provides, among other things, metered spray bottles labeled for the treatment of premature ejaculation in males, wherein the metered spray bottles comprise male genital desensitizer compositions, wherein the male genital desensitizer compositions comprise an anesthetic agent; a first melting point depressing agent selected from the group consisting of thymol, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, S(+)-ibuprofen, R(−)-ibuprofen, cineole, eugenol, capsaicin, eucalyptol, and an alcohol; and a second melting point depressing agent selected from the group consisting of thymol, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, S(+)-ibuprofen, R(−)-ibuprofen, cineole, eugenol, capsaicin, eucalyptol, and an alcohol, and wherein the second melting point depressing agent is different from the first melting point depressing agent.

Methods for treating ejaculation in males also are provided according to the invention. The methods include the step of administering to a male subject a male genital desensitizer composition, wherein the male genital desensitizer compositions comprise an anesthetic agent; a first melting point depressing agent selected from the group consisting of thymol, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, S(+)ibuprofen, R(−)-ibuprofen, cineole, eugenol, capsaicin, eucalyptol, and an alcohol; and a second melting point depressing agent selected from the group consisting of thymol, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, S(+)-ibuprofen, R(−)ibuprofen, cineole, eugenol, capsaicin, eucalyptol, and an alcohol, and wherein the second melting point depressing agent is different from the first melting point depressing agent.

The administering can be performed using a metered spray. The administering can include 3 to 10 sprays (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 sprays in one or a series of applications). Each spray can include about 10 mg lidocaine.

The anesthetic agent can be lidocaine. Preferably, prilocaine is not used or is not present. Preferably, menthol is not used or is not present. According to the invention, methemoglobinemia is to be avoided. In one embodiment, the anesthetic agent is lidocaine, the first melting point depressing agent is thymol, and the second melting point depressing agent is ethanol.

In various embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods that are more effectively delivered to the user and thus safer than compositions and methods known in the art. For example, the invention includes the use of a eutectic compositions (e.g., comprising an anesthetic and a first melting point depressing agent, together with a second melting point depressing agent for forming an emulsion) that can (i) facilitate/enhance delivery of an anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) through the stratum corneum, directly to nerves in the dermis. The composition, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, more safely delivers the anesthetic to desensitize the nerves in the penis by creating a positive charge on the anesthetic, which reduces absorption into the bloodstream (e.g., systemic absorption). In some examples, the invention can allow for use of a smaller amount of anesthetic.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a partial phase diagram of lidocaine-thymol-ethanol in pH 9.2 carbonate buffer at 25° C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The invention provides, among other things, desensitizing drug products that are useful for the treatment of premature ejaculation, among other things. The desensitizing drug product should possess transdermal absorption and efficacy. Preferably, the desensitizing drug product comprises at least one anesthetic agent (or solely one) and one or more melting point depressing agents. In a preferred embodiment, the desensitizing drug product contains only one anesthetic agent and two melting point depressing agents.

Anesthetic agents comprise those known in the art and modifications thereof. Such anesthetic agents include lidocaine, tetracaine, procaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, etidocaine. A preferred anesthetic agent is lidocaine, which should be a in a metered spray with approximately 10 milligrams per spray. Preferably, according to the invention, prilocaine is not present.

Melting point depressing agents also are known in the art, and include thymol, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, S(+)-ibuprofen, R(−)-ibuprofen, cineole, eugenol, capsaicin, eucalyptol, and an alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol. Melting point suppressing agents can be used singly or any combination of the above. The presence of one or more melting point depressing agents is believed to allow for a degree of transdermal absorption of the anesthetic agent that is sufficient for the anesthetic agent to desensitize the treated area, such as the penis. Preferably, two different melting point depressing agents are employed.

The terms “about” and “approximately” in the context of numerical values and ranges refers to values or ranges that approximate or are close to the recited values or ranges such that the invention can perform as intended, such as having a desired rate, amount, degree or extent of absorption and desensitization, as is apparent from the teachings contained herein. Thus, this term encompasses values beyond those simply resulting from systematic error. By “substantially,” as recognized by the skilled person, it is meant in this and similar contexts that the products and methods are suitable for their intended purpose.

All ranges set forth herein in the summary and description of the invention and the claims include all numbers or values thereabout or therebetween of the numbers of the range. The ranges of the invention expressly denominate and set forth all integers, decimals and fractional values in the range

The term “treating” in its various grammatical forms in relation to the present invention refers to, depending on context, avoiding, preventing, curing, reversing, attenuating, alleviating, minimizing, suppressing or halting the deleterious effects of a disease state, disease progression, disease causative agent or other abnormal or undesired condition, as recognized by the skilled person or a person in need of treatment. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, premature ejaculation is treated.

EXAMPLES

The invention is further described by the following examples, which are illustrative of the many aspects of the invention, but do not limit the invention in any manner.

Example 1

Formation and advantages of a eutectic solution comprising lidocaine, thymol, and ethanol:

Lidocaine is a crystalline material in its natural state and, as such, does not penetrate the skin or provide analgesic activity unless prepared and applied in a solution. Physicians typically inject lidocaine HCl solution subcutaneously to deliver an analgesic effect, or topically apply a cream containing lidocaine free base (e.g., EMLA). In contrast to these methods, the invention includes a topically effective lidocaine eutectic solution, and methods for making and using the same. Such a solution can be prepared by mixing lidocaine free base with thymol to form a eutectic (e.g., an oleaginous mass in which the lidocaine free base is dissolved). Then ethanol is added as a second melting point depresser. Then, an aqueous formulation with a predetermined acidity can be added to the lidocaine-thymol solution, such that lidocaine free base is in dynamic equilibrium with singly charged lidocaine. The resulting invention can achieve advantages through the combination of:

-   -   1. Penetrating the Stratum Corneum;     -   2. Delivering a localized analgesic effect on nerves in the         dermis; and     -   3. Slowing systemic absorption of the lidocaine.         Step 1: Forming a Eutectic Solution

By mixing two agents (e.g., lidocaine free base and thymol), a eutectic can be created, which is an oily mass that presents with a lower melting temperature than either of the two ingredients separately. The lower melting temperature of the eutectic can contribute to increased skin permeation and solubilization of the lidocaine free base, which has a low solubility in water but is very soluble in lipophilic or oily materials. Ethanol, a transdermal permeation enhancer, can be added to further enhance penetration through the stratum corneum. The resulting composition can allow, for example, up to 10% lidocaine free base to be prepared in solution.

Step 2: Positively Charged Lidocaine Cation

After the ethanol eutectic solution is prepared, it can be mixed with an aqueous solution containing suitable surfactants (e.g., TWEEN and/or SPAN, available from Atlas Chemical Company, poloxamers, carbomers, glyceryl fatty acid esters, and similar agents known to act as surfactants to aid emulsification) and other ingredients (e.g., any pharmaceutical oil like esters of long chain fatty acids such as isopropyl myristate, or isopropyl palmitate or other pharmaceutically accepted solvent (such as but not limited to mineral oil, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethelene glycol) used to solubilize an active lipophilic ingredient like lidocaine free base prior to mixing (Waring blender, homogenizer, shaking in bottle, or some like device for mixing, etc.) with a suitable surfactant and a second immiscible liquid like water or an aqueous solution to form an emulsion), such that an oil-in-water emulsion is formed (e.g., an oil-in-water emulsion with the oil constituting the internal phase (the oil is formed from mixing vigorously lidocaine (8.33%) and thymol (1.0%) which is 9.33% of the total weight of the product. Emulsions can become unstable if the internal phase exceeds 70-75% of the total ingredients, so a range for the oil phase can be 3.0%-70.0%, knowing that [% oil phase+% water phase=100%]; the surfactant can be in the range of 0.3-15%). The aqueous solution can be prepared at an acidity where lidocaine free base exists in dynamic equilibrium with the singly protonated cationic form of lidocaine (e.g., The pKa of lidocaine is circa 7.9 and at pH 7.9 it is 50% ionized such that it exists as 50% free base and 50% singly protonated cation. A suitable pH range to assure at least 10% ionization is: pH 6.9-8.9, where at pH 8.9 it will be 10% ionized and at pH 6.9 it will be 90% ionized). One purpose of creating a positively charged lidocaine cation is that the charge can prevent skin absorption and, therefore, the cation in emulsion can act as a reservoir for lidocaine free base. This effect can slow skin permeation of lidocaine free base and its systemic absorption rate, thereby prolonging its local anesthetic action.

SUMMARY

These two steps can help achieve three goals. First, the composition including the eutectic solution combining thymol and lidocaine free base coupled with ethanol can create an enhanced transdermal delivery system that penetrates the stratum corneum. Second, the effect of the positively charged lidocaine cation can help produce a local analgesic effect in the dermis where the nerves are located. Third, the effect of the positively charged lidocaine cations can also slow systemic absorption. Thus, embodiments of the invention can solve the problems associated with topical lidocaine absorption and can allow the invention (e.g., including PROMESCENT™, available from G&H Brands LLC) to deliver prolonged, topical anesthetic activity where desired.

Example 2

Active and inactive ingredients of a desensitizing drug product according to the invention:

-   -   Lidocaine: 8.33%, w/w (weight/weight)     -   Thymol: 1.0%, w/w     -   Ethanol: 10%, w/w     -   Base: 80.7%, w/w         -   For 1000 grams (1 kg) of product:             -   Weigh out the following amounts of ingredients:                 -   83 grams Lidocaine, USP                 -   10 grams Thymol, USP                 -   100 grams Ethanol, USP                 -   807 grams formulation base

Optionally, a fragrance can be included. An example of such a product would be:

-   -   Lidocaine: 8.33%, w/w (weight/weight)     -   Thymol: 1.0%, w/w     -   Ethanol: 10%, w/w     -   Base: 78.2%, w/w Range (77.7-80.6%)     -   Fragrance 2.5% Range (0.1-3%)

Weights are approximate. The products are formulated for administration as a metered spray.

Example 3

To make a drug product according to Example 1 (can be adjusted for optional fragrance):

1. Add the 10 grams of thymol and 83 grams of lidocaine; triturate (grind in mortar and pestle or some other device) until an oily paste is formed.

2. To the oily paste, add the ethanol all at once with mixing until a clear solution is formed.

3. To the clear solution, add the formulation base (such as Cetaphil and its equivalents from Galderma or Walgreens) all at once and place on a mixing device and mix to desired consistency.

It should be noted that the formulation base contains the following: water ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER, BENZYL ALCOHOL, CETEARETH 20, CETEARYL ALCOHOL, CITRIC ACID, DIMETHICONE, FARNESOL, GLYCERIN, HYDROGENATED POLYISOBUTENE, MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED OIL, PANTHENOL, PHENOXYETHANOL, PURIFIED WATER (AQUA), SODIUM HYDROXIDE, STEAROXYTRIMETHYLSILANE STEARYL ALCOHOL, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE (VITAMIN E). An alternative formulation base can contain the following: water, cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearyl alcohol; preserved with methylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben. Variations and alternatives can be readily prepared by one of ordinary skill in the art.

To prepare the final product, use a Cito-Unguator 2000 set on the emulsion setting. This setting allows for 8 minutes mixing time. Other mixers with appropriate settings and speed also can be used.

Over mixing by using the emulsion+setting of the Cito-Unguator 2000 (more than about 30 minutes) causes the emulsion to foam excessively and separate into two phases -foam and solution -and cannot be remixed. Thus, mixing times as well as RPM appear to be important parameters in the mixing/emulsification process. Even if not most optimum, the product formed according to the above method does not break for a period of at least over the three weeks while at room temperature.

Other appropriate formulations that can be adapted for use according to the invention are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,299,902, and such formulations are hereby incorporated by reference. For example, an appropriate formulation can be adapted from Example 1 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,299,902, as follows

A. Melting Point Depression of Lidocaine (L) by Thymol (T)

The melting points of lidocaine and thymol are 68° C. and 52° C., respectively. After preparing and storing the mixtures consisting of lidocaine and thymol in the L:T ratios from 1:9 to 9:1 (w:w) at 25° C., the melting states of the mixtures were examined weekly for 3 months using an optical microscope. Although the mixtures within L:T ratios of 3:7 to 7:3 (w:w) spontaneously form a homogeneous oil at ambient temperature, some crystals and oil co-exist in the mixtures outside this range. For example, in the mixture with the L:T ratio of 8:2 (w:w), a large portion of lidocaine remains as crystalline solid at 25° C.

Lidocaine and thymol were chemically stable in the mixtures that formed a homogenous oil. Compositional analysis of the mixture containing 50% lidocaine and 50% thymol (w:w) that was stored at 25° C. for 6 months, utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), showed essentially complete recovery of both lidocaine (101.6.+−.3.98%) and thymol (99.36.+−.2.22%) (n=3).

B. Melting Point Depression of Lidocaine (L) by Ethyl Alcohol (E) in Aqueous Dispersions

Lidocaine was dispersed into a solution containing ethyl alcohol and water, and oil droplets formed at 25° C., which is below the melting point of lidocaine. To measure the effect of ethyl alcohol on the melting point depression of lidocaine in the aqueous dispersion, lidocaine (0.5 g) was mixed (at 25° C.) with 1.0 g, 1.5 g, 2.0 g, and 2.5 g of ethyl alcohol, and then a pH 9.2 phosphate buffer was added up to 10 g. Replicate samples of these mixtures were prepared at room temperature then stored at 25° C., 15° C., and 4° C. During storage, the melt states of the samples were examined weekly for 3 months using an optical microscope. Table 2 shows that when the ethyl alcohol contents were 20% or less, lidocaine did not completely melt at 25° C. When the ethyl alcohol contents were 25% (or higher, not shown in the table); the lidocaine crystals undergo a solid to liquid phase change into an oil even at 15° C. Clearly, the melting point of lidocaine in these dispersions is inversely dependent on the ethyl alcohol content; that is, the higher the ethyl alcohol content, the lower the melting point of lidocaine.

After ultracentrifugation, a portion of the oil phase was removed from the mixture containing 25% ethyl alcohol using a 25 μL microsampling tube, and the weight was measured using a tared weighing. The oil was then dissolved in methylene chloride and analyzed by GC-MS. The results show that the concentration of lidocaine was 73% (w:w) in the oil, indicating that the oil was a mixture of lidocaine, ethyl alcohol, and possibly some water.

TABLE 2 Melt States of Dispersions containing Lidocaine^(a), Ethyl Alcohol (E), and Water at Different Temperatures ° C.\E %^(b) 10 15 20 25 25 S S S O 15 S S S O 4 S S S S ^(a)5% of total composition by weight ^(b)% of total composition by weight S-solid crystals present O-oil without crystals C. Melting Point Depression of Lidocaine (L) by Thymol (T) and Ethyl Alcohol (E) in Aqueous Dispersions

Since thymol and ethyl alcohol can individually depress the melting point of lidocaine, the effect of the two compounds in combination on the melting point of lidocaine was studied.

A 3-factor factorial design as shown in Table 3 was used to examine the melting states of lidocaine in the presence of both thymol and ethyl alcohol simultaneously at different temperatures. Since thymol alone is capable of depressing the melting point of lidocaine at and below 25° C. within the L:T ratios of 3:7-7:3 (w:w). only the higher L:T ratios higher than this range were included in the study.

TABLE 3 Melt States of Dispersions containing Lidocaine (L), Thymol (T), Ethyl Alcohol (E), and Water at Different Temperatures LT^(a) ° C. 10% E^(a) 15% E 20% E 25% E 90:10 25 S O^(III) O^(IV) O 15 S S S O 4 S S S O 85:15 25 O^(I) O^(II) O^(V) O 15 O O O O 4 S S S O 80:20 25 O O O O 15 O O O O 4 S O O O S = solid crystal present O = oil without crystals ^(a)L:T and % E by weight

Lidocaine (0.5 g) was mixed (at ambient temperature) with 0.125 g, 0.088 g, and 0.056 g of thymol and 1.0 g, 1.5 g, 2.0 g, and 2.5 g of ethyl alcohol, then a pH 9.2 phosphate buffer was added up to 10 g. Replicate samples of these mixtures were prepared at 25° C. and were stored at 25° C., 15° C., and 4° C. for three months. During storage, the melt states of the mixtures were examined weekly for three months using an optical microscope. The results in Table 3 show that there is a clear relationship among the L:T ratios, ethyl alcohol content, and melt states of lidocaine in the mixture. The lower the L:T ratios and the higher the ethyl alcohol content, the lower the melting point range of the solid components in the mixture as shown by the attainment of the melt state. Comparing these results, as well as the effect of thymol alone on the melting point of lidocaine with the data in Table 2, it is clear that a more pronounced melting point depression effect was demonstrated when thymol and ethyl alcohol were used simultaneously rather than individually. Thus, the use of thymol and ethyl alcohol in combination allows the preparation of the two-phase melt systems with highest possible L:T ratio and lowest ethyl alcohol content at 25° C.

D. Distribution of Lidocaine (L) and Thymol (T) Between the Aqueous and Oil Phases in the Melt Systems

As shown in Table 3, Melt Systems I, II, III, IV, and V consisted of the homogeneous oil and the aqueous phase without crystals present at 25° C. Compared with other melt systems listed in the table, these systems contained relatively lower concentrations of thymol and ethyl alcohol and accordingly were selected for further study, since minimizing the concentrations of thymol and ethyl alcohol in the compositions while still retaining high concentrations of lidocaine in the oil phase is preferred. After separating the oil droplets from the aqueous phase by ultra-centrifugation at 20,000 rpm for 30 minutes at 25° C., the oil phases from Melt Systems II, III, IV, and V were analyzed by GC-MS, as described above, to determine both lidocaine and thymol concentrations. The aqueous phase from Melt System III was also analyzed after the extraction with methylene chloride. The chemical compositions of the oil phase in these melt systems are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Composition of Oil Phase in Selected Two-Phase Melt Systems Melt Systems % L^(b) % T^(b) % Residual^(c) II^(a) 80.1 15.1 4.8 III^(a) 87.0 10.6 2.4 IV^(a) 85.9 11.2 2.9 V^(a) 81.2 16.2 2.6 ^(a)Source: Table 3 ^(b)% L or % T = amount (g) of lidocaine or thymol detected per 100 g of the oil phase ^(c)Residual = 100 − (% L + % T)

The concentrations of lidocaine in the oil phases of the melt systems analyzed were consistently higher than 80% (w:w) and reached as high as 87% (w:w) as evidenced by Melt System III. The sum of lidocaine and thymol in the oil phase was less than 100%, due to the presence of ethyl alcohol and possibly a trace amount of water. This also indicates that in the two-phase melt systems, nearly all of the ethyl alcohol is present in the aqueous phase. It can also be seen that the higher the initial L:T ratio, the higher the lidocaine concentration in the oil phase.

As shown in Table 5, the GC-MS data indicate that the concentrations of lidocaine and thymol in the aqueous phase of Melt System III were 1.09% and 0.09% (w:w), respectively. Based on the initial composition of the melt system and the concentrations of lidocaine and thymol in both the aqueous and oil phases, the quantities of lidocaine and thymol in both the aqueous phase and the oil phase were estimated. The results in Table 5 show that approximately 80% by weight of the total lidocaine and approximately 85% by weight of the total thymol are present in the oil phase, while the remaining amounts are present in the aqueous phase.

TABLE 5 Distribution of Lidocaine (L) and Thymol (T) Between Oil Phase and Aqueous Phase (aq) of Melt System III^(a) Conc in Percentage Conc in Percentage oil^(b) % in oil^(c) % aq^(b) % in aq^(c) % L 87.00 79.20 1.09 20.80 T 10.60 85.13 0.09 14.88 ^(a)Source: Table 3 ^(b)Concentration in oil phase or aqueous phase = amount (g) detected per 100 g of oil phase or aqueous phase ^(c)Percentage in oil phase or aqueous phase = amount (g) in oil phase or aqueous phase/total amount (g) in the whole system × 100

It can thus be seen that generation of a homogenous oil phase, as in the two phase melt systems shown in Table 3, depends on the relative amounts of the local anesthetic, LA, the first melting point depressing agent, MP-A, and the second melting point depressing agent, MP-B, in the systems. When thymol (as the MP-A) and/or ethyl alcohol (as the MP-B) are present in insufficient amounts, a two phase melt system is not achieved at ambient temperature, and instead crystals remain in the composition. A preferred two phase melt system is generally characterized by high lidocaine:thymol ratio and a relatively low amount of ethyl alcohol.

Example 5

Administration, directions and labeling:

The desensitizing drug product according to the invention can help in the treatment of premature ejaculation. It can be used for temporary male genital desensitization, helping to slow the onset of ejaculation, prolonging the time until ejaculation or retarding the onset of ejaculation. It can be used for reducing oversensitivity in the male in advance of intercourse.

The product is to be applied to the penis to help in the temporary slowing of the onset of ejaculation. With a lidocaine metered spray, apply 3 or more sprays, not to exceed 10, to head and shaft of penis before intercourse, or use as directed by a doctor or physician. Wash product off after intercourse. Administration by metered spray is known to the person skilled in the art. Metered spray bottles (flasks, etc.) are known in the art and commercially available.

In general, the metered spray bottle can include essentially any spray bottle approved by the FDA for dispensing lidocaine, such as the metered spray bottles manufactured by Packaging Concepts Assoc., LLC (4925 Park Ridge Blvd. Boynton Beach, Fla. 33426). In one example, the metered spray bottle can be a 1.0 or 2.0 FL. OZ. CR MPAK Child Resistant Spray Dispenser, or equivalent thereof, available from Packaging Concepts Assoc., LLC. The metered spray bottle can be child-resistant. The metered spray bottle can be a non-aerosol dispenser. In one example, the metered spray bottle can be adapted such that about 130 microliters of composition, containing about 10 mg of lidocaine, is dispensed in each spray.

Contact with the eyes should be avoided. If the user or partner develops a rash or irritation, such as burning or itching, use of the product should be discontinued. If symptoms persist, consult a doctor of physician.

Premature ejaculation may be due to a condition requiring medical supervision. If a product according to the invention does not provide relief, use should be discontinued and a doctor or physician should be consulted.

It is to be understood that the description, specific examples and data, while indicating exemplary embodiments, are given by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications within the present invention will become apparent to the skilled artisan from the discussion, disclosure and data contained herein, and thus are considered part of the invention.

Example 6

FIG. 1 shows a partial phase diagram of lidocaine-thymol-ethanol in pH 9.2 carbonate buffer at 25° C. The total amount of L+T in the system was 4.76% prior to titration with ethanol. The border lines ABCD and EF divide the diagram into four regions” (1) solid lidocaine remaining, (2) solid thymol remaining, (3) two-phase (oil and aqueous) system, and (4) monophase solution. In various embodiments, a eutectic composition according to the invention (e.g., an oily mass formed upon mixing compounds like local anesthetics like lidocaine or benzocaine in their crystalline state with a terpene like thymol or cineole, also in their crystalline state) can be formed according to FIG. 1. The oily mass exists at a temperature lower than that of either crystalline agent allowing greater concentrations of either agent to be solubilized compared to using a pharmaceutical oil like isopropyl myristate. In the case of lidocaine, it is readily soluble in the oil formed from the eutectic and may be easily emulsified for topical delivery. In preferred embodiments, the inventive composition are formulated to fall just in the area describing the two phase melt (region 3). Eutectics can enhance drug permeation because their formation results in a lower melting temperature which is associated with greater drug permeation. Ethanol can function as a permeation enhancer.

Example 7

The eutectic formulation utilizing the two step melting point depression process was administered to 5 healthy male volunteers to determine the systemic (e.g., serum) levels of lidocaine 1 and 4 hours after administration. The maximum dose allowed for the treatment of premature ejaculation (10 sprays, 10 mg lidocaine per spray) was administered by a metered dose spray and serum lidocaine levels were determined 1 and 4 hours later. In 4 of the 5 volunteers, serum lidocaine levels were undetectable at both 1 and 4 hours. In the fifth volunteer, serum lidocaine levels of 0.4 micrograms per milliliter were found at both time intervals. This level (0.4 micrograms/ml) is one third the lower limit of the therapeutic range (e.g., the amount of lidocaine that is acceptable in the blood) and one fifteenth of the lower limit of the toxic range. The analysis was preformed by gas chromatography by an independent laboratory (Central Medical laboratory, 10554 Progress Way, Cypress, Calif. 90630). These blood results show that this inventive method of treating premature ejaculation is associated with minimal to no risk of side effects related to systemic lidocaine toxicity. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising: lidocaine; thymol; ethanol; and a base; wherein the base comprises an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution comprises a pH in the range of about 6.9 to about 8.9, and the pharmaceutical composition does not contain prilocaine.
 2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is about 6.9.
 3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is about 7.9.
 4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is about 8.9.
 5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a viscosity sufficient to permit delivery of the composition through a spray bottle.
 6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the ratio of lidocaine to thymol is about 9:1 by weight.
 7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the ethanol comprises 10% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
 8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the lidocaine comprises about 8.33% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition, the thymol comprises about 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition, and the ethanol comprises about 10% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the male pharmaceutical composition comprises a metered spray.
 10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising: lidocaine; thymol; ethanol; and an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous solution comprises a pH in the range of about 6.9 to about 8.9, and the pharmaceutical composition does not contain prilocaine.
 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 10, wherein the ratio of lidocaine to thymol is about 9:1 by weight.
 12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 11, wherein the ethanol comprises 10% by weight based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
 13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12, wherein the aqueous solution comprises a pH of about 7.9.
 14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a metered spray. 